He completed his undergraduate studies at the School of Natural Sciences of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and earned his doctorate from the Medical School of the University of Crete. He received additional training in Cancer Biology for approximately 12 years at the University of Birmingham, Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia, and Tufts NEMC in Boston.

He served as the head of a research group at the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom from 2000 to 2005, with recognition and funding from the Medical Research Council (MRC Career Development Award). From 2006 to 2017, he held the position of Professor of Cellular and Molecular Biology at the Medical School of the University of Crete before being elected to the Medical School of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens.

His research focuses on the genetic factors and molecular mechanisms that lead to the development of malignancy in the context of chronic inflammation or metabolic diseases. He has authored more than 130 scientific papers and articles in books that have received over 21,000 citations, with an h-index of 59.

Dr. Eliopoulos is a founding member and a member of the Board of Directors of the Hellenic Society of Molecular Cancer Research, a member of the Board of Directors of the Center for Precision Medicine and Emerging Technologies at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, a member of the Board of Directors of the Center of Excellence "Agrifood and Food Authenticity" at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, a member of the Working Group on Medical Precision of the Hellenic Society of Digital Medicine, and a member of the Editorial Boards of the journals Frontiers in Genetics and Nutrients.